Head and neck endocrine surgeon Vaninder Dhillon recaps the “Great Debate” session about the helpfulness of molecular testing in thyroid nodules that she moderated during the 2025 annual meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. Molecular testing has become an adjunct in the workup of patients with indeterminant thyroid nodules — those whose cytology is neither clearly benign nor malignant. It is potentially beneficial in risk-stratifying a patient’s risk for cancer and need for further intervention. The debaters discussed the pros and cons of the new genetic markers and tests that are now available. #thyroid #johnshopkins #moleculartesting